Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
in the United States

U.S. GAAP Codification Accounting Topics



Professional Ethics Rules
AICPA Code of Professional Conduct
IFAC Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants



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AICPA Code of Professional Conduct

AICPA:  American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
    (https://www.aicpa.org)

Adoption and Amendments
    a.  Adopted, January 12, 1988
    b.  Amended, January 14, 1992
    c.  Amended, October 28, 1997
   
Two Sections
    a.  Section 1:  The Principles
    b.  Section 2:  The Rules

Other Ethics Guidance
    a.  Interpretations of Rules of Conduct
    b.  Ethics Rulings

Principles of Professional Conduct
    a.  Article I:   Responsibilities
        --> should exercise sensitive professional and moral judgments

    b.  Article II:  The Public Interest
        --> serve the public interest
        --> honor the public trust
                        
    d.  Article III: Integrity
        --> perform responsibilities with the highest sense of integrity
        --> adherence to moral and ethical codes 

    d.  Article IV: Objectivity and Independence
        --> should be independent in fact and appearance

    e.  Article V:  Due Care
        --> observe technical and ethical standards of the profession

    f.  Article VI:  Scope and Nature of Services
        --> observe code of professional conducts in determining the scope and nature of services
 
Rules of Professional Conduct
    a.  Rule 101:  Independence
    b.  Rule 102:  Integrity and Objectivity
                         --> should be free of conflicts of interest

    c.  Rule 201:  General Standards
                    A.  Professional Competence
                    B.  Due Professional Care
                    C.  Planning and Supervision
                    D.  Sufficient Relevant Data   
         
    d.  Rule 202:  Compliance with Standards
    e.  Rule 203:  Accounting Principles

    f.   Rule 301:  Confidential Client Information
    g.  Rule 302:  Contingent Fees

    h.  Rule 501:  Acts Discreditable
    i.   Rule 502:  Advertising and Other Forms of Solicitation
    j.   Rule 503:  Commissions and Referral Fees

    k.  Rule 504:  Deleted

    l.   Rule 505:  Form of Organization and Name 

Interpretations of Rules of Conduct 
    
a.  Interpretations of Rule 101
          --> 101-1, 101-2, 101-3, 101-4, 101-5, 101-6
               101-8, 101-10, 101-11, 101-12, 101-14

     b.  Interpretations of Rule 102
          --> 102-1, 102-2, 102-3, 102-4, 102-5, 102-6
 
IFAC Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants

IFAC:  International Federation of Accountants
    (https://www.ifac.org)

Adoption and Revisions
    a.  Adopted, July 1996
    b.  Revised, January 1998
    c.  Revised, November 2001
   
Objectives
    a.  Credibility
    b.  Professionalism
    c.  Quality of Services
    d.  Confidence

Fundamental Principles
    a.  Integrity
         --> should be straightforward and honest

    b.  Objectivity
         --> should be fair
         --> should not allow bias or conflicts of interest

    c.  Professional Competence and Due Care
         --> perform services with due care, competence and diligence

    d.  Confidentiality
         --> should not use or disclose confidential information

    e.  Professional Behavior
         --> should act in a manner consistent with the good reputation of the profession

    f.  Technical Standards
         --> perform services in accordance with technical and professional standards

Three Parts of the Code
    a.  Part A:  Applicable to All Professional Accountants
    b.  Part B:  Applicable to Professional Accountants in Public Practice
    c.  Part C:  Applicable to Employed Professional Accountants
 
18 Sections of the Code
    Part A:  Applicable to All Professional Accountants
                Section 1:  Integrity and Objectivity
                Section 2:  Resolution of Ethical Conflicts
                Section 3:  Professional Competence
                Section 4:  Confidentiality
                Section 5:  Tax Practice
                Section 6:  Cross Border Activities
                Section 7:  Publicity

    Part B:  Applicable to Professional Accountants in Public Practice
                Section   8:  Independence
                Section   9:  Professional Competence and Responsibilities Regarding the Use of Non-Accountants
                Section 10:  Fees and Commissions
                Section 11:  Activities and Incompatible with the Practice of Public Accountancy
                Section 12:  Clients' Monies
                Section 13:  Relations with Other Professional Accountants in Public Practice
                Section 14:  Advertising and Solicitation

    Part C:  Applicable to Employed Professional Accountants
                Section 15:  Conflict of Loyalties
                Section 16:  Support for Professional Colleagues
                Section 17:  Professional Competence
                Section 18:  Presentation of Information
 
   
U.S. GAAP by Topic
Statements of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS)



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